Overview
Kyphosis is characterised by an abnormal curvature of the upper back, which causes a hump-like appearance. It can result from posture, bone weakening, congenital factors or developmental conditions, and ranges from mild to severe.
Symptoms
- Back pain, mild to severe and worse with certain activities
- Limited mobility and stiffness in the spine
- Breathing difficulties in severe cases
Causes
- Poor posture — prolonged sitting, standing or slouching
- Osteoporosis — compression fractures from weakened bone
- Congenital kyphosis — abnormal spinal development before birth
- Scheuermann's disease — affects adolescents
Treatment Options
Physical Therapy
Exercises and stretches that improve posture and strengthen back muscles.
Bracing
Supports the spine and prevents further curvature.
Surgery
Severe cases may require removing part of the vertebrae or fusing the spine.
Prevention
- Maintain proper posture during prolonged sitting or standing
- Exercise regularly to strengthen back muscles
- Consume a calcium and vitamin D-rich diet
Frequently Asked Questions
- Posture-related kyphosis often improves with exercises and bracing. Structural or severe kyphosis may require surgery to realign and stabilise the spine.
Medically reviewed by Dr. M.D.S. Sasidharan, Consultant Spine Surgeon, Iswarya Hospital OMR, Chennai. This information is for educational purposes and is not a substitute for professional medical advice.